Table of Contents
Introduction
Welfare economics studies the optimal way of organizing an economy to choose an economic system that promotes human and social development. The goal is to establish criteria that provide the ability to measure whether applied economic proposals improve the population’s well-being.
Why Welfare Economy? What is wrong with the current system?
We see the current economy as an unfair, unfair, and unhappy economic system.
The economic model that has become so influential has various names: “neoliberal”, “market radical”, “excess finance”, “extraction” and “toxic”. It doesn’t matter what it’s called because it has stifled our imagination and sense of possibility. The current economy is the only type of economy we have and has to bring the resistance to its knees.
However, society is already on its knees, as evidenced by rising economic inequalities (mainly due to the wealthier class getting more affluent). In the level of insecurity, hopelessness and loneliness, and in the desperate search for ways to deal with solutions that turn people introverted or against others when trust in others and institutions evaporates. Many people fear losing their jobs, the insecurities of old age, and the destruction of their dreams and cultural norms.
The planet is also on its knees, on the verge of its sixth mass extinction as a catastrophic climate collapse is closer than ever. Over the past 40 years, humanity has gone from using the natural resources of one planet every year to using one and a half planets and is on track to use three worlds by 2050.
It is mainly because of how the economy is currently designed. In a way that ignores nature, in a way that ignores resource allocation, and in a way that is short-term as measures of progress and GDP. Profit tops.
Welfare Economy Goals
One of the objectives pursued by welfare economics is the search for an economic system that seeks to maximize resources to increase social welfare.
To do so, welfare economics strives for maximum economic efficiency. By studying economic systems, this branch of economic thought focuses on the subject of study, such as maximizing output with limited resources and optimizing the distribution of goods and services produced. Its main objective is to increase society’s overall benefit and social welfare.
In other words, this theory focuses on the law of scarcity while striving with limited resources to meet the unlimited needs of citizens in a particular area.
Features of Welfare Economy
Welfare economics involves a series of steps to create the economic system necessary to achieve social welfare. Between the steps, criteria are formulate based on the financial means to achieve the goals.
Thus, among these steps or criteria, we can highlight the following:
- To provide social goods and services to the public.
- The responsibility of the state is to maintain minimum living conditions.
- State intervention in promoting full employment.
- To achieve fair and efficient distribution of resources.
- Redistribution of state wealth and income to achieve an equal society.
- Although more proposals have emerged since World War II and in the years following the complete
- industrialization of advanced economies, welfare economics has focused on studying these variables.
General Ideas of Welfare Economy Theory
Social welfare refers to the well-being of the whole society. Therefore, there are two ways of measuring the total well-being of the population. These two approximation methods are the ordinal method develop by the economist Vilfredo Pareto. So, on the other hand, the primary method relies on measuring value in monetary terms rather than efficiency, as the ordinal method does.
Thus, the ordinal approach considers the impossibility of objective measurement in monetary terms, suggesting analysis regarding Pareto efficiency. From a primary point of view, the analysis used is a cost-benefit analysis, which attempts to integrate income distribution effects. However, the latter is the least used because the problems present by the model. For adding variables assume a high degree of inaccuracy in the calculations, which generates uncertainty.
What are the Goals?
Some details of what is meant by welfare economy
Welfare Economy – Goals
- They met fundamental human needs, including the need to be valued and respected, social relationships and self-determination, and a sense of dignity and purpose. They are essential to prosperity in the form of food, shelter, education, health (both mental and physical), security and leisure.
- Fair distribution of resources, income and wealth – within and between nations – through the present and future generations and respecting other species.
- The biophysical boundaries of the planet respect. A sustainable economy maintain within our life support ecosystems that actively preserve and even regenerate ecosystems while repairing the damage already done.
- Inclusive welfare, human development and prosperity promote.
- Finally, welfare economics is the branch of microeconomics that explains the level of general collective welfare achieved by society regarding the economic activities of an area.
- It indeed focuses on the law of reduction. Through limited resources, the satisfaction of the unlimited needs of citizens and achieving social welfare. Through criteria such as the public provision of social goods or services, the responsibility of the state to maintain minimum living conditions and its contribution in promoting complete employment Interference.
- Similarly, achieving a fair and efficient allocation of resources. Redistributing the country’s wealth and income to achieve a more egalitarian society.
Conclusion
Welfare economics is an economic theory used to assess social conditions and make public decisions. The study focuses on the means and criteria that make it possible to judge and compare the quality of social situations. And also approach is essentially teleological in that it assesses. The consequences of individual actions and public decisions in social situations. Moreover, this finality is essentially a luxury because the outcomes often depend on the community members’ personal preferences. Its valuation and prescription ambitions must consider the relationship between both phenomena and the criteria we would like to see respected.
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